B.ed. Course ( University of Lucknow)

  Meaning, Definition, Nature and importance of mathematics among various subjects & disciplines  Mathematics is a field of study that deals with the properties and relationships of numbers, quantities, shapes, and patterns. It is a formal discipline that uses logical reasoning and abstract concepts to explore and explain various phenomena in the physical and abstract world. The word "mathematics" comes from the Greek word "mathēma," which means "knowledge" or "learning." Mathematics encompasses a wide range of branches and sub-disciplines, including arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and more. It provides tools and methods for modeling, analyzing, and solving problems in various domains such as science, engineering, economics, and social sciences. Mathematics serves as a universal language and plays a crucial role in understanding and describing natural phenomena, technological advancements, and the structure of the univers...

Article: Education in the Concurrent List and its Implications Introduction Education is crucial for the socio-economic development of a country. The Constitution of India has allocated powers between the federal and state governments through several Lists, including the Concurrent List. Education is one of the subjects in the Concurrent List, which means that it comes under the joint jurisdiction of the federal and state governments. In this article, we will discuss the advantages, disadvantages, and implications of having education in the Concurrent List. One of the major advantages of having education in the Concurrent List is that it allows for a coordinated approach to education policy and resource allocation across the country. It ensures a minimum standard of education across the country, which is essential for the economic and social development of the country.  Availability and accessibility of resources such as funding, expertise, and infrastructure is another benefit. Di...

The Right to Free and Compulsory Education (RTE) 2010 and Inclusion Education is a fundamental right that is essential for the development of individuals and societies. However, not all children have equal access to education. In India, this problem has been addressed by the Right to Free and Compulsory Education (RTE) Act 2010, which mandates free and compulsory education for all children between the ages of 6 and 14. This article examines how the RTE Act contributes to inclusive education in India and the policies and practices that are necessary to ensure that every child is able to access quality education. The RTE Act is premised on the recognition that education is a fundamental right that should be accessible to every child, regardless of their social status or background. The Act provides for free and compulsory education to all children in India between the ages of 6 and 14 years. It aims to ensure that no child is denied the right to education by removing barriers such as fin...

Constitutional values and education in India Constitutional values and education in India are closely intertwined, with the Constitution of India serving as a guiding framework for the educational system. The Constitution enshrines several fundamental rights and principles that shape the educational landscape in the country. Here are some examples of constitutional values and their relationship with education in India: 1. Right to Education:  The Constitution of India recognizes the Right to Education as a fundamental right for children between the ages of 6 and 14. This right ensures free and compulsory education for all children, promoting equal access to quality education without any discrimination . 2. Equality and Non-Discrimination:  The Constitution emphasizes the principles of equality and non-discrimination. This includes equality of opportunity in educational institutions, regardless of caste, religion, gender, or socioeconomic background. Educational policies and in...

  Education as a means of social justice in the Indian Constitution  1. Right to education: The Indian constitution provides for a right to education for all children between the ages of 6-14 under Article 21A. This ensures that education is accessible to all, irrespective of their social or economic background. 2. Reservation policies: The Indian constitution also provides for reservation policies in education to ensure that marginalized and underprivileged communities have access to quality education. For instance, the Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan (RMSA) scheme aims to improve secondary education in India, with a focus on promoting education among girls, scheduled castes, and scheduled tribes. 3. Directive Principles of State Policy: The Directive Principles of State Policy in the Indian constitution provide guidelines for the government to ensure social justice and equity in education. For example, Article 45 urges the government to provide Early Childhood Care and ...